虚拟语气的用法 英语语气的用法归纳

英语语气的用法归纳

英语语气的用法可以归纳如下：

直陈语气（Indicative Mood）：表示陈述事实、描述客观情况或表达肯定、否定等观点。例如：I am happy.（我很开心。）

祈使语气（Imperative Mood）：表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。例如：Please close the door.（请关上门。）

虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）：表示假设、愿望、建议、要求等非真实或不确定的情况。常见的虚拟语气形式包括：

虚拟条件句：表示与事实相反或不可能实现的条件。例如：If I were rich, I would travel around the world.（如果我富有，我会环游世界。）

虚拟愿望句：表示对现在或将来的愿望，但实现可能性较低。例如：I wish I could speak fluent French.（我希望我能说一口流利的法语。）

虚拟建议句：表示对过去或现在的建议，但实际情况可能不符合建议。例如：It's high time you went to bed.（你该上床睡觉了。）

条件语气（Conditional Mood）：表示条件和结果之间的关系，常用于表示假设、推测或可能性。例如：If it rains, we will stay at home.（如果下雨，我们会待在家里。）

需要注意的是，以上是一般的语气用法归纳，具体的语气用法还会受到语境和句子结构的影响。在实际应用中，需要根据具体情况选择合适的语气形式。

大学虚拟语气的用法归纳

If it had not rained last week, we might have run out of drinking water. 要是上周没下雨，我们可能连吃的水都没了。

If I were you, I would study harder now. 如果我是你，我会更加努力得学习。

What would you buy if you were to win the lottery? 如果你中了大奖，你会买啥？

含蓄条件句 Otherwise, with, without, but for

We could not have made such a great achievement without your help. 没有你的帮忙我们不可能取得如此成就。

He was busy yesterday. Otherwise, He should have attended the meeting. 他昨天很忙。否则，他应该参加那次回忆了。

If被省略的情况， 倒装句, were/had/should提前

Had you not helped us, we could not have made such a great achievement. 如果你之前没有帮我们，我们不可能取得如此成就。

Had they known the the sixth price will bring disasters, they might have had him killed. 如果他们之前知道

should

insist, command, order, demand, requist, require, suggest, advise, propose, recommend ，should加动词原型，should可省略

I suggest that you (should) follow your father's advice. 我建议你听从你爸的意见

I insist that he should change his strategy. 我坚持他应该改变战略。

It is required that she marry the old man. 她被要求嫁给老男人。

My suggestion is that you be there on time. 我的建议是你准时到那里。

suggest意思不是建议而是表明，暗示时，不虚拟

Are you suggesting that I am lying? 你在表明我说谎呢？

insist意思不是坚持做而是坚持说时，不虚拟

He insisted that he did not cheat, 他一直坚称自己没作弊。

wish/as if/if only/would rather

与过去事实相反，表对过去事情的遗憾，用had done

I wish I had brought a house earlier. 我真希望自己早一些买房！

与现在事实相反，从句did/were

I wish he would answer my email. 我希望他回我的电子邮件。

将来的主观愿望，从句would do

I wish the economy would get better. 我希望经济将来会变好。

I wish you be quiet. 我希望你安静点。

If only she didn't drive so fast. 如果他没有开那么快就好了。

as if/as though有时不是虚拟

He acts as if he knew you. 他表现得好像他知道你。

Don't treat the baby as if he was made of steel. 别把孩子像铁孩子一样粗鲁的对待。

It sounds as if she has been really ill. 不是虚拟

would rather 表将来或现在，谓语动词过去时；表过去，谓语动词用过去完成时

I would rather he came tomorrow 我希望他明天到

I would rather he had been here yesterday. 我宁愿他昨天就到了。

其它虚拟语气

it's time+从句

it's (high/about) time+that从句, that可省略，从句一般用一般过去时或should+动词原型

It's time that you should leave here. 到时间了，你该离开这里了。

it is +形容词

It is strange that we could be good friends. 很奇怪的是，我们成了好朋友

一张图看懂虚拟语气

01

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中

表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句使用一般过去时（did/were），主句使用过去将来时（would do/be）

If I were you, I would study hard.

If we had time, we would attend the meeting.

表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句使用过去完成时（had done/been），主句使用过去将来完成时（would have done/been）

If I hadn’t been ill, I would have seen you.

If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.

 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句使用过去将来时（should/were to），主句使用过去将来时（would do/be）

If it should rain, the crops would be saved.

If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.

以上就是虚拟语气的三种主要形式：对现在、将来、过去进行虚拟。

02

省略if的虚拟语气

虚拟条件句中的if在一些情况下可以省略，请看下面的例子：

If it should happen, what would you do?         

Should it happen, what would you do?

If he had recognized me, he would have come over.  

Had he recognized me, he would have come over.

If I were in school again, I would work harder.      

Were I in school again, I would work harder.

小结：如果从句中含有should 、had、were 时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if，采用倒装语序。记忆小窍门：一马当先“还属我”。

03

混合/错综型虚拟语气

当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为混合虚拟语气或错综虚拟语气，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。

主句是过去，从句是现在

If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.

If you had told me the news yesterday, I wouldn’t be so worried now.

从句是过去，主句是现在

If I were you, I would have taken his advice.

If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the concert last night.

小结：混合虚拟表示，一半用过去的虚拟，一半用现在的虚拟。

04

情态动词

“情态动词should/ought to/could/may/might +have done”表示“过去本……而事实上未……”的虚拟语气，一般表示委婉的责备。

You are late again. You could have come earlier.

You should have told me earlier that you weren’t able to come

含蓄虚拟语气用法

1 虚拟语气是一种用于表达假设、愿望、建议等语气的语法形式。

2 含蓄条件句是一种虚拟语气的运用，通过暗示条件，表达一种假设、愿望或者建议。

3 例如，如果我有时间，我会去旅行。

这句话中，如果表达了一种假设条件，而且使用了虚拟语气，表示现在我没有时间去旅行，但是如果有时间的话，我就会去旅行。